See gripal on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"grip",
"grip#Catalan"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": ":af",
"3": "grip",
"4": "-al"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Catalan\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ca\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Catalan\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ca\" }\" data-lang=\"ca\" data-title=\"gripal\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "grip",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "grip + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grip + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripals",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (masculine and feminine plural gripals)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 27 2 27 27 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "flu vaccines",
"text": "vacunes gripals",
"translation": "flu vaccines",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flu, influenza; influenzal"
],
"id": "en-gripal-ca-adj-5-5D4h6H",
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
],
[
"influenza",
"influenza"
],
[
"influenzal",
"influenzal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu, influenza; influenzal"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-gripal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"gripau",
"gripau#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_text": "See gripau.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gripal m (plural gripals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gripau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of gripau"
],
"id": "en-gripal-ca-noun-fyAhN5X8",
"links": [
[
"gripau",
"gripau#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-gripal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*gʰreyb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
],
[
"*grīpaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
],
[
"*grīpan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
],
[
"*gripper",
"Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
],
[
"gripper",
"gripper#French"
],
[
"grippe",
"grippe#French"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Portuguese"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Portuguese"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Portuguese"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Portuguese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gripe<t:flu>",
"4": "-al<t:of or relating to>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippebor.\nPortuguese gripe\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese gripal\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, to grasp\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"grippe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"gripe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"of or relating to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"gripal\">\nFrom gripe (“flu”) + -al (“of or relating to”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippebor.\nPortuguese gripe\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese gripal\nFrom gripe (“flu”) + -al (“of or relating to”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (plural gripais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gri",
"pal"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 27 2 27 27 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 36 2 16 36 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 37 1 15 37 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flulike"
],
"id": "en-gripal-pt-adj-sn-jGDD~",
"links": [
[
"flulike",
"flulike"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flu"
],
"id": "en-gripal-pt-adj-kvdaM9WJ",
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"grippal",
"grippal#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grippal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French grippal",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French grippal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gripal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or n (feminine singular gripală, masculine plural gripali, feminine/neuter plural gripale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 27 2 27 27 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 14 1 60 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 19 1 47 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 36 2 16 36 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 37 1 15 37 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"influenzal"
],
"id": "en-gripal-ro-adj-2FsLs6x~",
"links": [
[
"influenzal",
"influenzal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Spanish"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Spanish"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Spanish"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gripe",
"4": "-al",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nSpanish gripe\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nSpanish -al\nSpanish gripal\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"gripal\">\nFrom gripe + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nSpanish gripe\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nSpanish -al\nSpanish gripal\nFrom gripe + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (masculine and feminine plural gripales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gri‧pal"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gri‧pal"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 27 2 27 27 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 36 2 16 36 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 37 1 15 37 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flulike"
],
"id": "en-gripal-es-adj-sn-jGDD~",
"links": [
[
"flulike",
"flulike"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"flu"
],
"id": "en-gripal-es-adj-kvdaM9WJ",
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjectives",
"Catalan adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries referencing missing etymons",
"Catalan entries with etymon",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan epicene adjectives",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Catalan terms suffixed with -al",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"grip",
"grip#Catalan"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": ":af",
"3": "grip",
"4": "-al"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Catalan\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ca\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Catalan\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ca\" }\" data-lang=\"ca\" data-title=\"gripal\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "grip",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "grip + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grip + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripals",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (masculine and feminine plural gripals)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan relational adjectives",
"Catalan terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "flu vaccines",
"text": "vacunes gripals",
"translation": "flu vaccines",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flu, influenza; influenzal"
],
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
],
[
"influenza",
"influenza"
],
[
"influenzal",
"influenzal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu, influenza; influenzal"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-gripal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gripau",
"gripau#Catalan"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_text": "See gripau.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gripal m (plural gripals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gripau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of gripau"
],
"links": [
[
"gripau",
"gripau#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Northern",
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-gripal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.mp3",
"note": "Barcelona",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Marvives-gripal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjectives",
"Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese epicene adjectives",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese terms suffixed with -al",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*gʰreyb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰreyb-"
],
[
"*grīpaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grīpaną"
],
[
"*grīpan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grīpan"
],
[
"*gripper",
"Reconstruction:Old French/gripper"
],
[
"gripper",
"gripper#French"
],
[
"grippe",
"grippe#French"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Portuguese"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Portuguese"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Portuguese"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Portuguese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gripe<t:flu>",
"4": "-al<t:of or relating to>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippebor.\nPortuguese gripe\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese gripal\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, to grasp\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"grippe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"gripe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"of or relating to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"gripal\">\nFrom gripe (“flu”) + -al (“of or relating to”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nFrench grippebor.\nPortuguese gripe\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese gripal\nFrom gripe (“flu”) + -al (“of or relating to”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (plural gripais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gri",
"pal"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flulike"
],
"links": [
[
"flulike",
"flulike"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"flu"
],
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"grippal",
"grippal#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grippal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French grippal",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French grippal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gripal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gripalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or n (feminine singular gripală, masculine plural gripali, feminine/neuter plural gripale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"influenzal"
],
"links": [
[
"influenzal",
"influenzal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Spanish terms suffixed with -al",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Spanish"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Spanish"
],
[
"gripe",
"gripe#Spanish"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gripe",
"4": "-al",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nSpanish gripe\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nSpanish -al\nSpanish gripal\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"gripal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"gripal\">\nFrom gripe + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nSpanish gripe\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nSpanish -al\nSpanish gripal\nFrom gripe + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gripales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gripal m or f (masculine and feminine plural gripales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gri‧pal"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gri‧pal"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flulike"
],
"links": [
[
"flulike",
"flulike"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"flu"
],
"links": [
[
"flu",
"flu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) flu"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾiˈpal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɾiˈpal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "gripal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gripal meaning in All languages combined (15.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"gripal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gripal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"gripal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gripal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"gripal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gripal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"gripal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gripal",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.